Last updated: 7-30-2026
For SEOs working at scale, understanding which search engines actually crawl and index the web, and which simply license results, is operational knowledge, not trivia. It affects crawl strategy, international visibility, privacy positioning, and where content realistically has a chance to surface. This page breaks down which engines maintain their own indexes, which depend on third-party sources like Bing or Google, and which operate as aggregators or meta engines. It’s intended as a working reference for evaluating visibility beyond the dominant players, especially as AI-driven search products reshape how results are sourced and presented.
see also, big list of directories
Here’s a list of the top search engines on the web, each with a brief description and source of their index:
Google
Own Index: Google utilizes its proprietary web crawlers and indexing algorithms to maintain its search index.
– URL: https://www.google.com
Bing
Own Index: Microsoft’s Bing employs its own web crawlers and indexing systems.
– URL: https://www.bing.com
Baidu
Own Index: Baidu operates its own web crawlers and indexing, primarily serving the Chinese market.
– URL: https://www.baidu.com
Yandex
Own Index: Yandex maintains its own search index, catering mainly to Russian-speaking users.
– URL: https://www.yandex.com
WolframAlpha
Own Index: WolframAlpha uses its own computational knowledge engine to provide answers.
– URL: https://www.wolframalpha.com
Mojeek
Own Index: Mojeek operates its own web crawlers and maintains an independent index.
– URL: https://www.mojeek.com
Sogou
Own Index: Sogou maintains its own search index, serving primarily Chinese users.
– URL: https://www.sogou.com
360 Search (So.com/Haosou)
Own Index: Operated by Qihoo 360, 360 Search maintains its own web crawler and index and serves primarily the Chinese market.
– URL: https://www.so.com
Shenma Search
Own Index: Alibaba’s mobile-focused search engine maintains its own search infrastructure and primarily serves users in China.
– URL: https://m.sm.cn
Seznam
Own Index: Seznam operates its own search engine, primarily for the Czech market.
– URL: https://www.seznam.cz
Naver
Own Index: Naver maintains its own search index, serving primarily South Korea.
– URL: https://www.naver.com
Daum Search
Own Index: Kakao’s search portal maintains localized search services for South Korea and is the country’s other notable domestic search engine alongside Naver.
– URL: https://search.daum.net
Coccoc Search
Own Index: Vietnamese search engine with its own crawler and localized index, supplemented by outside sources where needed.
– URL: https://coccoc.com/search
Boardreader
Own Index: Boardreader specializes in indexing forums and message boards.
– URL: https://boardreader.com
Brave Search
Own Index: Brave Search operates its own independent search index.
– URL: https://search.brave.com
Openverse
Index Source: Common Crawl
Openverse is a tool that allows openly licensed and public domain works to be discovered and used by everyone. (Our Review and ours on Common Crawl DB)
– URL: https://openverse.org
KarmaSearch.org
Index Source: Bing. (our review)
It’s ad revenue goes to wildlife nonprofiles like RE:wild.
– URL: https://karmasearch.org
Yahoo! Scout! more at: Yahoo Releases Scout
Index Source: Yahoo launched Yahoo Scout on January 27, 2026, an AI-powered answer engine that complements standard search. Scout is powered by Anthropic’s Claude AI model and Bing’s APIs– URL: https://scout.yahoo.com
Independent Search Engines
Yep.com
Own Index: Search engine built by Ahrefs with its own crawler (YepBot) and growing web index. YepBot crawls and indexes the web independently, with a focus on surfacing quality content from across the internet.
– URL: https://yep.com
Stract
Own Index: Fully open-source search engine that allows advanced ranking customization. Started with Common Crawl, but has since developed its own independent crawler and index.
– URL: https://stract.com
Seekport
Own Index: German-language search engine (supports English) that maintains its own small but improving index. Focuses on European and German-language content.
– URL: https://www.seekport.com
Petal Search
Own Index: Developed by Huawei, Petal Search is a multilingual search engine that maintains its own index. Serves users globally with a focus on international content.
– URL: https://www.petalsearch.com
Marginalia Search
Own Index: Independent, open-source search engine with its own crawler and index. It prioritizes noncommercial, text-heavy and older websites that are often difficult to find in major search engines.
– URL: https://marginalia-search.com
Wiby
Own Index: Independent, human-seeded search engine for lightweight, older-style and small-web pages. Wiby operates its own crawler and searchable index.
– URL: https://wiby.me
3rd Party Index
Yahoo! Search
Index Source: Yahoo! Search is powered by Bing’s index.
– URL: https://search.yahoo.com
DuckDuckGo
Index Source: Bing, but does supplement with a few sites.
– URL: https://duckduckgo.com
Ecosia
Index Source: Results are powered by Bing.
– URL: https://www.ecosia.org
Qwant
Index Source: Currently powered by Bing, but transitioning to its own independent index called Staan (via EUSP joint venture with Ecosia). German index launched July 2026.
– URL: https://www.qwant.com
AOL Search
Index Source: Powered by Bing.
– URL: https://search.aol.com
Swisscows
Index Source: Bing.
– URL: https://swisscows.com
Lycos
Index Source: Lycos currently sources its search results from other providers, but it seems like Bing to us.
– URL: https://www.lycos.com
Oscobo
Index Source: Oscobo sources its search results from Bing.
– URL: https://www.oscobo.com
Ekoru
Index Source: Ekoru’s search results are powered by Bing.
– URL: https://www.ekoru.org
Startpage
Index Source:– Google’s Index.
– URL: https://www.startpage.com
Yahoo! Japan
Index Source: Yahoo! Japan uses Google’s search technology for its results.
– URL: https://www.yahoo.co.jp
Multiple or Meta Search Index
MetaGer
Index Source: MetaGer is a metasearch engine that aggregates results from multiple search engines. Mainly uses Bing, Mojeek and Brave Search.
– URL: https://metager.org
Yippy Index Source: Yippy is a metasearch engine that clusters results from various sources. It “clusters” from 30-40 search engines.
– URL: https://www.yippysearchengine.com
You.com Index Source: Combines its own indexing with AI capabilities to provide a customizable search experience.
– URL: https://you.com
Dogpile Index Source: Metasearch engine that aggregates serps from multiple se’s including Google and Bing.
– URL:https://www.dogpile.com
Kagi Index Source: Privacy-focused search engine that sources results from multiple search engines and its own indexing. SearchEngineWorld Review of Kagi Search Engine Subscription model.
– URL:https://kagi.com- SearXNG Index Source: Privacy focused meta search engine that aggregates SERPs from various search engines without tracking users. Active fork of the discontinued Searx project.
– URL: https://searxng.org
Gibiru Index Source: Offers anonymous and uncensored search results, sourcing data from modified Google algorithms.
– URL: https://gibiru.com
AI-Powered & Specialized Search
Perplexity.ai
Index Source: Maintains its own large-scale web index (hundreds of billions of pages) combined with real-time retrieval and AI synthesis. Uses its own crawlers + third-party vendors.
– URL: https://www.perplexity.ai
ChatGPT Search
Index Source: Primarily uses web search capabilities (mix of Bing and Google index signals observed). Real-time web access via fine-tuned models with source citations.
– URL: https://chatgpt.com
Wayback Machine (Internet Archive)
Index Source: Own massive historical archive (hundreds of billions of web captures). Specialized in time-based snapshots rather than live search.
– URL: https://web.archive.org
SlideShare
Index Source: Specialized search for presentations and professional documents (owned by Scribd).
– URL: https://www.slideshare.net
Related
Change Log
- Added 360 Search, Shenma Search, Search, Daum Search, Marginalia Search and Wiby. (7/30/2026)
- updated several. (7/30/2026)
- Added Independent Search Engines section (Stract, Right Dao, Alexandria, Seekport, Petal Search, Yep.com) and corrected Qwant, Searx entries. (7/30/2026)
- updated several deletes. (6/24/2026)
- updated several with fresh indexes. (1/4/2026)
- Added Yahoo Scout! (1/27/2026)
- Cleaned two deep (AskJeeves) (rip) engines (4/27/2026)
- Added AI-Powered & Specialized engines (Perplexity, ChatGPT Search, Wayback, X, LinkedIn, SlideShare) – 5/25/2026

